1This assignment is aimed at giving students an opportunity to select and analyze a real quantitative research study and explain how it may or may not be able to help improve an aspect of health care delivery. This will be a 3 – 5 page paper that meets the general writing guidelines which are outlined in the syllabus.
This assignment should be carried out as follows:
Step #1: Study selection – Select the article that most interests you.
Step #2: Summary: Write a 5 – 6 page summary and analysis of the key aspects of the article you selected. In this summary you should cover the following items in the article:
2For this assignment, students will be given data from a quantitative analysis and will be asked to analyze it using RStuido, SPSS, STATA, SAS or any other software (your choice).
Data set:
Minnesota Healthcare Database.xlsx
Students will develop an analysis report, in five main sections, including introduction, research method (research questions/objective, data set, research method, and analysis), results, conclusion and health policy recommendations. This is 5-6 page individual project.
Here are the main steps for this assignment.
Step 1: Students require to submit the topic using topic selection discussion forum by end of week 4 and wait for instructor approval.
Step 2: Develop the research question and
Step 3: Run the analysis using RStudio and report the findings using the assignment instruction.
3Week 1, Exercise:
The attached dataset, provides some information about hospitals in 2011 and 2012, download the data and then complete the descriptive table. Please use the following format to report your findings.
Table 1. Descriptive statistics between hospitals in 2011 & 2012
Hospital Characteristics |
2011 |
2012 |
p-value |
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N |
Mean |
St. Dev |
N |
Mean |
St. Dev |
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1. Hospital beds |
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2. Number of paid Employee |
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3. Number of non-paid Employee |
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4. Total hospital cost |
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5. Total hospital revenues |
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6. Available Medicare days |
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7. Available Medicaid days |
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8. Total Hospital Discharge |
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9. Medicare discharge |
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10. Medicaid discharge |
Based on your findings in which years hospitals had better performance? Please write a short paragraph and describe your findings.
(Note: Master RStudio script is available for this exercise, but you need to modify that for this analysis)
Week 2, Exercise:
Use the dataset from week1 exercise and then answer the following questions:
Table 2. Descriptive statistics between teaching and non-teaching hospitals, 2011 & 2012
Hospital Characteristics |
Teaching |
Non-Teaching |
p-value |
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N |
Mean |
St. Dev |
N |
Mean |
St. Dev |
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1. Hospital beds |
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2. Number of paid Employee |
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3. Number of non-paid Employee |
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4. Internes and Residents |
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5. System Membership |
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6. Total hospital cost |
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7. Total hospital revenues |
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8. Hospital net benefit |
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9. Available Medicare days |
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10. Available Medicaid days |
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11. Total Hospital Discharge |
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12. Medicare discharge |
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13. Medicaid discharge |
(Note: Master RStudio script is available for this exercise, but you need to modify that for this analysis)
Week 3& 4, Exercise:
The dataset provides Herfindahl–Hirschman Index, and herfindahel index categories, please use the herf_cat variable and answer the following questions:
Note: “The Herfindahl–Hirschman Index is a commonly accepted measure of market concentration used by antitrust enforcement agencies and scholars in the field. The HHI is calculated by squaring the market share of each firm competing in the market and then summing the resulting numbers” (NASI, 2015; pp: 14-16). read more from here:
For this exercise you do not need to compute the HHI, but if you have any questions, please do not hesitate to ask me, but try to learn more about this you will need that to report your findings.
Use the dataset from week1 exercise and then answer the following questions:
(Note: to answer to the last question, please compute the ratio-Medicare-discharge and ratio-Medicaid-discharge first and then run 2 ttest)high vs. moderate and high vs. low competitive market), please support your findings with box-plot).
Table 3. Comparing hospital characteristics and market, 2011 and 2012
High Competitive Market |
Moderate Competitive Market |
Low Competitive Market |
ANOVA/Chi-Sq (results) |
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Hospital Characteristics |
N |
Mean |
STD |
N |
Mean |
STD |
N |
Mean |
STD |
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14. Herfindahel index |
(Note: Master RStudio script is available for this exercise, but you need to modify that for this analysis)
Week -5& 6
For this week exercise, we need to explore the impact of hospital characteristics on net hospital benefit, so please follow these steps to make your dataset ready for the analysis.
Step 1: As described for week 2 exercise, compute the hospital net benefits with subtracting hospital costs and revenues.
Step 2: As described for week 3&4, compute the ratio-Medicare-discharge and ratio-Medicaid-discharge
Step 3: Use the bed-size categories for this regression
When you have your data ready, please answer the following questions:
First complete the descriptive table
Table 4. Comparing hospital characteristics and market, 2011 and 2012
2011 & 2012 |
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Hospital Characteristics |
N |
Mean |
St. Dev |
Hospital beds |
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Bed Category |
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Bed total <=49 |
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50<=Bed total <=150 |
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151<=Bed total <=250 |
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251<=Bed total <=350 |
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351<=Bed total <=450 |
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Bed total >=500 |
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System Membership |
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Hospital ownership |
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Public |
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For Profit |
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Non-for profit |
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Other |
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Total hospital cost |
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Total hospital revenues |
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Hospital net benefit |
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Medicare discharge ratio |
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Medicaid discharge ratio |
(Note: Master RStudio script is available for this exercise, but you need to modify that for this analysis)
Question 5. Regression
1st Model:
Run a linear model and predict the difference between hospital beds (use the bed-tot) and hospital’s ownership on hospital net-benefit? Discuss your finding, do you think having higher beds has positive impact on the hospital net benefit? What about the ownership?
2nd Model:
Now, estimate the impact of being a member of a system on hospital net benefit? And discuss your finding (nor more than 2 lines)? Is it significant?
3nd Model:
Now, include the ratio of ratio-Medicare-discharge and ratio-Medicaid-discharge in your model? How do you evaluate the impact of having higher Medicare and Medicaid patients on hospital revenues?
Based on your finding please recommend 3 policies to improve hospital performance, please make sure to use the final model for your recommendation.
Discuss your findings.
(Note: Master RStudio script is available for this exercise, but you need to modify that for this analysis)
Please use this file to answer the questions and submit to the exercise submission folder.
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Model 1a |
Model 2 |
Model 3 |
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Hospital Characteristics |
Coef. |
St. Err |
Coef. |
St. Err |
Coef. |
St. Err |
Hospital beds |
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Ownership |
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For Profit |
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Non-for profit |
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Other |
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Membership |
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System Membership |
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Socio-Economic Characteristics |
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Medicare discharge ratio |
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Medicaid discharge ratio |
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N |
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R-Squared |
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